![]() ![]() Presynaptic GABA B receptors function as autoreceptors, inhibiting the release of GABA and many other neurotransmitters postsynaptic GABA B receptors activate G-protein-coupled enzymes which inhibit adenylyl cyclase, activate potassium channels, decrease calcium conductance, and produce neuronal hyperpolarization. ![]() They may be localized presynaptically (on bodies and/or dendrites of GABAergic and non-GABAergic neurons) or postsynaptically (on non-GABAergic neurons). GABA B receptors belong to the G-protein-coupled receptor family of metabotropic receptors. GABA A receptors are the most prominent GABA receptor subtype and constitute the site of action of many centrally acting drugs such as benzodiazepines, barbiturates, neurosteroids, volatile anesthetics and alcohol. Γ-Aminobutyric acid (GABA the major inhibitory neurotransmitter of the central nervous system) actives two different classes of receptors called GABA A and GABA B. Treatment should be conducted under strict medical supervision. Its administration may be suggested in patients who fail to respond to other approved drugs or who are affected by liver disease that prevents their administration, or in patients affected by SUDs for which no approved drugs are available. ![]() Further RCTs should be undertaken, particularly with higher doses of baclofen. Conclusions: The number of RCTs on baclofen and SUDs is still low, and their results are divergent. Of these, 5 RCTs found that baclofen is effective, 5 RCTs found that it is ineffective and the results of 1 RCT were not appreciable because it did not achieve the preplanned level of participation. Eleven RCTs investigated its effectiveness in the treatment of SUDs. Results: Baclofen tolerability is generally considered to be good. Aims and Methods: To evaluate the effectiveness and safety of baclofen in the treatment of withdrawal syndrome and/or SUDs, providing (1) an outline of its pharmacological features (2) a summary of studies that have suggested its possible effectiveness in the treatment of SUDs, and (3) a review of randomized, controlled trials (RCTs) on baclofen and SUDs. Background: It has been reported that baclofen, a drug used in the treatment of spasticity, reduces the severity of withdrawal symptoms and substance use disorders (SUDs) for some psychoactive drugs. ![]()
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